Financial

In the world of personal finance, it’s not just about how much you earn; it’s about how you manage what you have. Whether you’re fresh out of college, eyeing retirement, or somewhere in between, developing strong financial habits is critical for long-term success. This article will explore five key moves that can help you build wealth, reduce financial stress, and achieve your long-term goals. Although they aren’t quick fixes, you’ll be amazed at how they can positively affect your financial future if you stick with them.

1. Put Savings and Investments on Autopilot

You’ve heard this before, but don’t dismiss it as a cliché: pay yourself first. This means setting up automatic transfers from your checking account to your savings and investment accounts as soon as you get your paycheck. Begin by logging into your online banking platform and setting up recurring transfers. You can start small—even 5 percent is worthwhile—and gradually increase the percentage over time. If your employer offers a 401(k) match, ensure that you’re contributing enough to take full advantage of this free money. Remember, even small, consistent contributions can grow significantly over time due to compound interest.

2. Cut Back on Impulse Purchases

That late-night online shopping scroll that somehow ends with a cart full of stuff you didn’t know you “needed” isn’t helping you reach your money goals. To reel in impulse purchases, try setting aside a cooling-off period for nonessential items you’re considering buying. Instead of purchasing, add them to a wish list on your phone or to a Post-it Note—and keep it out of your online cart. Then, give it a day or two. That “must-have” item might seem unnecessary after 24 hours. You can also try the 30-day rule for larger purchases, giving yourself a full month to decide if it’s worth the cost. You may realize you didn’t need it that much.

3. Track Your Spending

To make informed money decisions, you need to know where your cash is going. Keeping track of spending helps you figure out where you can cut back and increase the funds you put toward your goals. Start by choosing a way to record your purchases, whether it’s a budgeting app, a spreadsheet, or just an old-fashioned notebook. Record every expense, no matter how small, for one month. Then, go over your spending patterns and figure out where you can make cuts. You might find some surprises, like buying coffee, snacks, or a daily lunch salad add up to a vacation’s worth of cash over time. Use this information to create a practical, goal-centered budget, and continue tracking to ensure that you’re sticking to it.

4. Get Familiar with Your Credit Report

Your credit score affects everything from loan approval to interest rates, so it’s a major factor in your financial life. Make it a habit to check your credit report regularly to catch errors and find ways to improve your score.

Hot tip: Every 12 months, you’re entitled to one free credit report by mail from each of the three major credit bureaus (Equifax, Experian, and TransUnion) through annualcreditreport.com. If you set a reminder to request one report every four months, you’ll have a year-round overview of your credit. You can also receive free weekly online credit reports through the same site. What should you be on the lookout for? Any unfamiliar accounts, incorrect balances, or payments that mistakenly show they were late. If you find issues, file a dispute with the credit bureau as soon as possible. Regularly monitoring your credit can also help you discover identity theft early.

5. Stick to It

It’s not always fun or easy to stick to a financial plan, but consistency is key when it comes to money matters. Developing discipline helps you stay on track, even when you spot a great sale or find a must-have collector’s item. Start by setting clear, achievable goals. Write them down and keep them somewhere you’ll see them often, like your fridge or as a phone background. Break larger goals into smaller, manageable steps. If you want to save $5,000 for an emergency fund, for instance, set monthly or weekly savings targets. Create accountability by sharing your goals with a trusted friend or family member. When you’re feeling discouraged or tempted, remind yourself that your long-term financial success is worth it.

Developing strong financial habits is a marathon, not a sprint. It’s about making small, smart choices each day. It requires patience, persistence, and a willingness to learn from both successes and setbacks. Start by choosing one or two habits to focus on, and gradually incorporate the others as you become more comfortable.

As always, we’re here to help you reach your goals. Feel free to reach out for more information or advice on how to adopt these habits for a more financially secure future.

© 2024 Commonwealth Financial Network^®

By Sarah Ruef-Lindquist, JD, CTFA
For Pen Bay Pilot’s Wave magazine, fall 2024

Before you know it, we’ll be celebrating the new year and we will be a quarter of the way through the 21st century with the arrival of 2025.

And just as swiftly, we will approach the end of 2025 and the sunsetting of Tax Cuts and Jobs Act (TCJA) on December 31, 2025 with provisions that will impact many individuals and families.

Here are some of the provisions that impact most taxpayers:

Standard deduction: Because the standard deduction was doubled ($12,000 for single filers and $24,000 for married filing jointly), many taxpayers haven’t itemized deductions under TCJA. In 2026, the standard deduction will be about half of what it is currently, adjusted for inflation, likely steering taxpayers back to itemizing deductions.

And speaking of itemized deductions, those who did continue to itemize had to navigate changes that will sunset.

• The state and local tax (SALT) deduction was capped at $10,000, most significant for taxpayers states with higher taxes. In 2026, this limitation will expire, allowing greater benefit from deducting taxes including real estate taxes, state or local income taxes and personal property taxes.
• The TCJA ended the home equity loan interest deduction and limited the home mortgage interest deduction to the first $750,000 of debt (if married filing jointly) for loans that originated on or after Dec. 16, 2017. The mortgage interest deduction will revert to interest deductible on the first $1 million in home mortgage debt and $100,000 for a home equity loan.
• The TCJA temporarily eliminated most miscellaneous itemized deductions, such as investment/advisory fees, legal fees and unreimbursed employee expenses. These deductions will once again be allowed in 2026, to the extent they exceed 2% of the taxpayer’s adjusted gross income.

Income tax rates:  TCJA lowered tax rates to 10%, 12%, 22%, 24%, 32%, 35% and 37%. These tax rates are set to sunset Dec. 31, 2025. The top tax rate beginning Jan. 1, 2026, will revert to 39.6%.

Given that rates could revert back to pre-TCJA rates and that itemized deductions may regain their usefulness, some taxpayers may wish to time certain expenses for deductions available against income under higher tax rates.

And then there’s estate and gift taxes. These are taxes on amounts given as gifts or passing from a decedent. The TCJA effectively doubled the estate and gift tax basic exclusion. The basic exclusion applies to assets in estates and takes into account significant lifetime gifting activity. The 2024 exclusion amount is $13.61 million per person ($27.22 million for married couples) and the amount for 2025 will be adjusted for inflation.

Taxpayers who die through 2025 with a taxable estate greater than the exclusion amount can be subject to a federal tax rate of up to 40%. Some states also impose an estate tax, so estate assets passing to heirs can be significantly reduced.

At the end of 2025, this tax provision will sunset, cutting the exclusion roughly in half. Individual taxpayers with significant estates that are above the lower 2026 exclusion amount should consult with their tax advisers and estate attorneys as soon as possible to take advantage of the expiring TCJA exclusion by using planning strategies and considering gifts before the end of 2025. There’s only a year left to shelter significant asset transfers with these historically generous exemptions.

Enjoy the holidays and time with family and friends and as you settle into 2025, consider how the sunsetting provision of TCJA may impact your financial situation and estate planning. Seek the advice of qualified legal and tax professionals to determine the best course of action for your particular situation.

By Sarah Ruef-Lindquist 
For Pen Bay Pilot

GivingUSA 2024 reported a record high dollar amount of $557.16 billion given by individuals, corporations, foundations and decedents’ estates in 2023.

While the increase over the 2022 amount of almost $546 billion is notable, it does not mean an increase in inflation-adjusted dollars, but rather a 2.1% decrease from 2022.

For a longer historical perspective, total charitable giving in 2016 was just shy of $400 billion. That translates into 39% growth in giving over the last eight years.

Still, the 2023 numbers indicate a continued generosity in the United States in the face of the higher costs of living which many are facing.  While the increase in the amount of giving may not have exceeded the current rate of inflation, it shows that people are willing to still support charitable causes at least as much as they did in the prior year, even if many of their living expenses have increased.

The GivingUSA report details the sources of gifts as well as the sectors receiving those gifts. Individuals continue to represent the largest source of gifts, at 67%. The foundation share was 19%, while corporations and bequests combined make up the other 14%.

It is notable that the combined amounts from Individuals and bequests – almost 75% – speaks to the importance that individuals and families play in supporting charitable causes.

The education, health, human services, public society benefit, environment/animals, arts, culture and humanities all saw increases in gifts, while religion and international affairs saw decreases.

The trend toward giving to donor-advised funds at places such as Fidelity and community foundations continued with the highest growth level for the year, possibly signaling the desire for the kind of philanthropic flexibility donor-advised funds offer. Donor-advised funds allow a donor to make a charitable contribution and then serve as an advisor as to what charities should be supported from those contributions, either in the current year or in future years. Successor advisors may also be named.

This is all very good news for charitable organizations that rely upon philanthropy to continue their missions; during the pandemic and since many predictions about a recession caused the philanthropic sector to anticipate a significant downturn in giving which, fortunately, has not come to pass. Continued low unemployment, high stock market values and corporate profitability are likely helping to support donor generosity for individuals, families, foundations and corporate donors.

“Expect the unexpected” sounds like a good mantra, but even if you follow that advice, life can still surprise you and knock you off balance. Undoubtedly, being laid off from your job is one of those shocking surprises. Regardless of whether you’ve been contributing to an emergency fund just in case, experiencing a sudden loss of income puts you in a difficult financial—and emotional—situation. But take comfort in knowing there are accessible ways to get back on your feet and regain control of your finances. Here are some strategies to get through this challenging time, no matter your age or career.

Figure Out Your Finances

Once you’ve taken a beat to process your emotions, your first step should be to assess your finances. This will help you determine how long you can sustain a job search before you need additional income.

• Unemployment benefits. Applying for these benefits can take time, so starting that process should be at the top of your to-do list. In many cases, you should be able to file online, but you can contact your state’s unemployment office if you’re having trouble.
• If your company offered you a severance package, be sure to review the terms with a human resources representative or your manager. How much will you receive, and are there any conditions attached to the payout?
• Health insurance options. This is an important factor because many Americans get insurance through their jobs. Your employer’s coverage will often continue through the end of the month, but does your severance package include extended insurance? COBRA will allow you to continue your company’s coverage for a limited time, but it can be pricey. Explore all your options, including coverage through your spouse’s plan, your parent’s plan (if you’re under age 26), or marketplace plans under the Affordable Care Act (ACA) to find the most affordable and appropriate health insurance.
• Savings and emergency fund. Figure out how long your savings and emergency fund can sustain your current lifestyle. If you don’t have an emergency fund, this should be a wake-up call to start building one once you can afford it. Create a realistic budget to help get an overall picture of the money coming in and going out each month. Then, identify non-essential expenses you can cut back on to stretch your savings. Even temporarily eating out less or pausing subscriptions you don’t use regularly can be beneficial. Every little bit helps during this time.

Manage Debt and Credit

• Prioritize payments. Pay essential expenses first, like rent or mortgage, utilities, and groceries. Of course, it’s not ideal to leave any charges unpaid, but if you’re short on cash, you may have to decide which are the most necessary.
• Negotiate bills. Call your service providers (phone, cable, internet) and explain your situation. Many companies have programs to help customers facing tough times. Don’t wait until you miss a payment to reach out; it’s best to be proactive. Reaching out as soon as possible could save you from late fees and help avoid damage to your credit score.
• Contact your lenders. Depending on your loan type (federal student loans, etc.), you may be eligible for deferment or forbearance, which can temporarily pause your payments or decrease the amount you owe. Ask your loan servicer about these possibilities.
• Avoid additional debt. You may not have many options in this regard, but try not to depend on credit cards or loans that could land you in deeper debt.

Explore Income Options

• Tap into your network. Don’t be shy about broadcasting the fact that you’re looking for work. Use your social media channels and reach out to former colleagues, mentors, industry contacts, friends, and family for leads.
• Explore temporary work. Freelance or gig work can help generate income while you look for a full-time opportunity. Depending on your expertise and skill set, you can offer services like tutoring, consulting, or freelance writing, or reach out to a staffing agency for connections to open positions.
• Update your job search tools. Add any new positions, skills, or certifications to your resume and LinkedIn profile since your last refresh. Practice interview skills by researching common questions and planning your answers, or role-playing with a friend or colleague.
• Consider a pivot. Being laid off rarely feels positive in the moment, but this could be an unexpected opportunity to shift your focus, pursue a dream, or even relocate. Look into online courses or certification programs in a new or adjacent field or open your job search to include new locations. You may ultimately be grateful for this opportunity to do something unplanned or unexpected, even if that’s tough to imagine right now.

In addition to all of these tips, remember that you’re not alone in figuring this out. Feel free to reach out if you’re struggling with job loss and the financial implications—we’re here to help you create a plan for recovery and success.

© 2024 Commonwealth Financial Network^®

Sarah Ruef-Lindquist, JD, CTFA

By Sarah Ruef-Lindquist for Pen Bay Pilot WAVE, Spring 2024

We are in the midst of the largest intergenerational transfer of wealth in the history of the United States. It is estimated that by the year 2045, more than $84 trillion will be left to the Gen X, Millennial and Gen Z generations by the Silent Generation and Baby Boomers. This is more than at any other time in US history.[i]

The long and the short of it is that those born between 1946 and 1964 – Boomers – have created an extraordinary level of wealth that combined with what the Silent Generation left to them will result in an unprecedented amount of assets transferring by the middle of this century. Over the next 20 years or so, many who have never had to manage or plan for any level of wealth could have more than they ever imagined.

And it’s already begun. Many of the clients I work with have been ‘surprised’ to become beneficiaries of parents and other relatives’ estates and are confronted with the need to manage and steward these assets in a way that fits into their lives or in some cases, is transformational. Having never planned to have more than they needed to live on modestly brings a whole new set of challenges and decisions to be made.

For instance, some have been helped in the past during financial difficulties and want to do something for those who helped them, even if they have already paid back anything they borrowed. It’s a natural emotional response in the face of generosity, but does it make sense?

Some want to give some or even all of the money to charity…but again, is this in their best interests when having a “nest egg” is the difference between living in retirement solely on social security or having the ability to even modestly increase their standard of living in their older years?

Others are so unaccustomed to having any excess income or assets than they need to live on that they assume that they will have a significant tax bill for accepting the funds or, if they have received appreciated securities or assets, that they cannot liquidate or reinvest those securities into something more appropriate for their life goals and risk tolerance because of the capital gains tax involved when in fact, most of the time this is not the case.

For most, they have never had a financial advisor because they didn’t think they needed one. What becomes immediately apparent is that they do and will do well to find someone who can help navigate the choices and complexities of managing wealth and build the right amount of discipline around spending to fit into their lives in a way that makes the most sense for them.

A careful analysis of risk tolerance, retirement and estate planning goals in light of new circumstances is required that also takes into consideration longevity, living expenses and other assets and income sources available.  Because stock, real estate or other assets held more than a year by the decedent often give heirs a tax basis that is the value as of date of death, not the basis or cost of the decedent, very tax efficient opportunities are available to allow heirs to make choices that are more aligned with their financial plans.

Anyone faced with inheriting assets should seek the services of a financial advisor with experience, knowledge and skills to help plan for and manage inherited assets. It can often mean a brighter future for you and your loved ones.

[i] https://www.forbes.com/sites/jackkelly/2023/08/09/the-great-wealth-transfer-from-baby-boomers-to-millennials-will-impact-the-job-market-and-economy/?sh=58fbb0e03e4a

https://www.fastcompany.com/91016524/great-wealth-transfer-explained-how-some-gen-x-millennials-gen-z-are-getting-rich